Semiconductor Scintillator for 3-Dimensional Array of Radiation Detectors
نویسندگان
چکیده
There are two large groups of solid-state radiation detectors, which dominate the area of ionizing radiation measurements, scintillation detectors and semiconductor diodes. The scintillators detect high-energy radiation through generation of light which is subsequently registered by a photo-detector that converts light into an electrical signal. Semiconductor diodes employ reverse biased p-n junctions where the absorbed radiation creates electrons and holes, which are separated by the junction field thereby producing a direct electrical response. Both groups are extensively reviewed in the classical treatise by Knoll. Most scintillators reported in the literature are implemented in wide-gap insulating materials doped (“activated”) with radiation centers. A classical example of a solid-state scintillator is sodium iodide activated with thallium (NaI:Tl), introduced by Hofstadter more than 60 years ago. The typical band diagram of a solid-state scintillator is shown in Fig. 1.
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